Long Jump Basics

For many track and field coaches and athletes, theflight phase.
long jump is an event that is viewed as simply a runOnce you leave the ground and are in flight, you need
and a jump. While that is the basic premise of it, thereto be able to keep yourself in control!
is a little more to it than that.Many coaches and athletes believe this phase will
Did you know that athletes don't need to be amazinglymake you jump farther. This is not true. The flight
fast to jump far? The more speed the betterphase is used to control the body in the air, and set
obviously, but there are other elements that come intoyou up to land properly.
play when performing the long jump.To control your body in the air there are three long
There are actually four different elements or phases injump techniques that you can use.
this event.
1. The Sail
1. The Approach2. The Hang
2. The Takeoff3. The Hitch-Kick
3. Motions In The Air (flight)The sail technique is the most basic and is the easiest
4. The landingfor beginners to learn.
The ApproachThis technique is as simple as trying to reach out to
More so than any other phase of the long jump, thetouch your toes.
approach is the most important. Without a consistentThe hang technique is performed exactly as its name
approach, you will definitely limit your distance. Not onlyimplies.
that, you will foul much more than you would like to.The body hangs in the air with the knees dropped
All new athletes come out and try to sprint down theunderneath the hips, and the arms extended overhead.
runway as fast as possible. Against what mostThe hang is a little more difficult, but still fairly easy to
coaches and athletes think, this is the wrong way toperform.
run.The last technique is the hitch-kick. Many professional
The approach should be run as a gradual acceleration.long jumpers use this technique. It is an advanced
There should be a slower start, and it should thentechnique and can only be performed if the athlete is
gradually accelerate to a maximum controllable speedhigh enough in the air.
right to the takeoff. Basically, a slow to fast motion.In the hitch-kick, the legs cycle around and look as if
It must be gradual and smooth!you are actually running in the air.
A gradual acceleration is what will develop consistencyIt takes quite a bit of effort to perform this technique,
in the approach, and give you the greatest opportunitybut it does a good job of keeping the body in control
to reach those maximum distances.throughout the flight phase.
The TakeoffAs an athlete progresses they can then decide if they
Another important aspect of the long jump approachwant to transfer their long jump technique to the hang
that is often overlooked, is the last two strides. Theseor the hitch kick.
strides are important because if they are doneAs you begin to come down out of the air these
correctly, they will allow you to transition into the actualtechniques help to prepare you for the last phase.
takeoff with as much speed as possible.The Landing
The second to last step or what is known as theIn this section of the long jump the landing is used to
penultimate step, allows the athlete to lower their bodyprepare the body for the shock of hitting the ground. It
and gather themselves right before takeoff.also allows you to get as much distance out of the
This lowering of the body helps to maintain the speedjump as possible.
developed from the approach.Right before you hit the ground, depending on the
After the penultimate stride, the next step is the finaltechnique you used in the air, you swing your arms
one. This is where you takeoff and leave the ground.downward and begin to lift your feet.
If the body has been set up correctly from theLifting your feet will help you to squeeze a little bit
penultimate stride, you will then be able to takeoff withmore distance out of your jump.
a maximum amount of speed.As you land and hit the sand your knees fold, and you
As your last step touches down, it must remain flat,collapse onto your heels.
and land with the heel first.Since you swing your arms downward, this will help to
Now the leg quickly flexes. The muscles then releasemove your body forward just enough so that you
their energy and transfer it so that you can launch intodon't fall backwards.
the air.Now that you have have hit the sand and come to a
As you leave the ground, it is important to make surecomplete stop, you leave the long jump pit under
that you jump out first. Jumping up, and jumping toocontrol and wait to see what your results are.
high will cause you to lose distance.If you follow these long jump tips than your chances of
So remember to jump out first!jumping far will be good.
Motions In The AirWho knows, maybe you will end up setting some
The third phase of the long jump is also known as therecords yourself.